The growing reliance on digital twins across various industries and domains brings with it semantic interoperability challenges. Ontologies are a well-known strategy for addressing such challenges, though given the complexity of the phenomenon, there are risks of reintroducing the interoperability challenges at the level of ontology representations. In the interest of avoiding such pitfalls, we introduce and defend characterizations of digital twins within the context of the Common Core Ontologies, an extension of the widely-used Basic Formal Ontology. We provide a set of definitions and design patterns relevant to the domain of digital twins, highlighted by illustrative use cases of digital twins and their physical counterparts. In doing so, we provide a foundation on which to build more sophisticated ontological content related and connected to digital twins.

Industry 4.0 is enabled through the convergence of information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) in industrial control systems (ICSs).2 At the core of Industry 4.0 are the cyber-physical systems (CPSs), such as power grids, manufacturing industries, autonomous vehicles, smart healthcare, and so forth connecting physical (OT) and cyber (IT) components through computational and networking capabilities.2 While CPSs facilitate automation and resource optimization, they introduce an expanded attack surface that spans both the cyber and physical domains.1 The evolution of tradecraft, from Stuxnet to Industroyer, on energy and utility infrastructure has shown the repercussions of such attacks on economic, business, and social sectors.5 Securing an operational CPS against potential attack vectors involves evaluating the system's operational behavior and assessing security posture. To take security measures effectively, such assessments must occur without negatively affecting the ongoing operations, be reproducible for further investigation, and cover the system's life cycle.2

The term "digital twin" (DT) has become a key theme of the cyber-physical systems (CPSs) area, while remaining vaguely defined as a virtual replica of an entity. This article identifies DT characteristics essential for enhancing CPS security and discusses indicators to evaluate them.

When digital transformation is discussed, technology is usually not far behind. Whether it's Internet of Things (IoT), cloud, or artificial intelligence (just to name a few), tech is changing how organizations around the world are doing business. While there's no question that technology goes hand-in-hand with digital transformation, there are other essential considerations that must come first in a digital transformation strategy. These include identifying value-driven business outcomes and developing a culture of change and collaboration. In our State of Industrial Digital Transformation report, our research analysts describe DX technologies as "levers or tools to support business value-oriented initiatives."

The Transform Technology Summits start October 13th with Low-Code/No Code: Enabling Enterprise Agility. Everyone is familiar with IBM's leadership in IT, AI, and cloud services. It also happens to be one of the leading providers for Enterprise Asset Management software through its Maximo line of software and services. These tools help manage large machines, like factories, powerplants, and heavy equipment. Now, with the rise of digital twins, IBM is pivoting this business as an onramp to bringing intelligence, agility, and efficiency to a wide range of industries.

Topics like Artificial Intelligence (AI), the internet of things (IoT), and machine learning are getting lots of hype, but digital twin technology might just be the real game-changer. Digital twin software uses aspects of all the trending tech mentioned (AI, IoT, ML) in a unique way that's changing the way businesses optimize production and investment, and the big boys are already heavily invested. A digital twin is a highly advanced simulation that's used in computer-aided engineering (CAE). It's a digital duplicate that represents a physical object or process, but it is not intended to replace a physical object; it is merely to inform its optimization. Other terms used to refer to digital twin technology include virtual prototyping, hybrid twin technology, and digital asset management, but digital twin is quickly winning out as the most popular name.

He has formulated the notion of the hard problem of consciousness, seeking to explain the subjective aspects of mental processes. He is author of Constructing the World and four other books concerning the philosophy of consciousness. Davoudi was the co-author of the paper "Constraints on the Universe as a Numerical Simulation", which outlines a possible method for experimentally detecting if the universe is actually a computer simulation by looking for anomalies characteristic of a simulation. Gates is a string theorist and author of Superspace, or 1001 Lessons In Supersymmetry. In a previous Asimov Debate, Gates claimed that he found error correcting code buried within the mathematical equations of supersymmetry.